C++
C++ (pronounced "see plus plus") is a computer programming language based on C. It was created for writing programs for many different purposes. In the 1990s, C++ became one of the most used programming languages in the world.
The C++ programming language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Labs in the 1980s, and was originally named "C with classes". The language was planned as an improvement on the C programming language, adding features based on object-oriented programming. Step by step, a lot of advanced features were added to the language, like operator overloading, exception handling and templates.
Example
The following text is C++ source code and it will write the words "Hello World!" on the screen when it has been compiled and is executed. This program is typically the first one a programmer writes while learning a programming language.
// This is a comment. It's for *people* to read, not computers. It's usually used to describe the program.
// Iostream is the input and output stream; which stores functions such as print etc.
#include <iostream>
// Namespace std; is the standard namespace which also stores some functions
using namespace std;
// We are now creating an important instance; the main function
int main()
{
// Printing a message to cout (Character Output Stream)
cout << "Hello World!";
// Tells the computer that the code was executed successfully; by sending a zero
return 0;
}
This program is similar to the last, except it will add 3 + 2 and print the answer instead of "Hello World!".
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Printing a simple calculation
cout << 3 + 2;
return 0;
}
This program subtracts, multiplies, divides then prints the answer on the screen.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Creating and initializing 3 variables, a, b, and c, to 5, 10, and 20.
int a = 5;
int b = 10;
int c = 20;
// Printing calculations
cout << a-b-c;
cout << a*b*c;
cout << a/b/c;
return 0;
}